Background of Ballast Water Treatment
Hazards of Ballast Water
Loading ballast water is the necessary method during ship sailing. When loading ballast water, organisms in seawater could be carried into ballast tanks and discharged to the destination sea area. Ballast water in ships from one sea area to another could cause the invasion of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens. The unlimited ballast water discharging could cause serious ecological, economic and public heath impact to the receiving environment. The invasion of alien organisms had been listed by GEF as one of the four hazards to the ocean.
In order to control the invasion of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in ballast water effectively, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed the International Convention and Management of Ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments in 2004. The convention came into force since 2009 and requires that new ships must install ballast water treatment systems and this requirement is also suitable for the existing ships. Meanwhile, the convention had set regulation D-2 which regulated the category and the quantity of the surviving organisms in treated ballast water.
IMO D-2 Standards for Discharge of Ballast Water
|
Organism Type |
Required Regulation |
|
Organisms,≥50μm minimum dimension |
<10cells/ m3 |
|
Organisms, <50μm and ≥10μm minimum dimension |
<10cells/ml |
|
Toxicogenic Vibrio cholerae (serotypes O1 and O39) |
<1cfu/100ml,or <1cfu/g(wet weight)of zooplankton samples |
|
Escherichia coli |
<250cfu/100ml |
|
Intestinal Enterococci |
<100cfu/100ml |
Schedule for Installation of Ballast Water Treatment System
|
Ship Type |
Year of ship Building |
Ballast Capacity, m3 |
Performance Standard |
Implement Date |
|
Existing Ships |
＜2009 |
＜1500 |
D-1/D-2 |
≤2016 |
|
D-2 |
2017 |
|
1500-5000 |
D-1/D-2 |
≤2014 |
|
D-2 |
2015 |
|
＞5000 |
D-1/D-2 |
≤2016 |
|
D-2 |
2017 |
|
New Ships |
≥2009 |
＜5000 |
D-2 |
2009 |
|
2009-2011 |
≥5000 |
D-1/D-2 |
≤2016 |
|
D-2 |
2017 |
|
≥2012 |
≥5000 |
D-2 |
2012 |
(D-1：ballast water exchange standard；D-2：ballast water treatment standard )
Authentication Procedure
The first base testing for ballast water treatment had been completed in June 2008 in China
 
The basic approval had been granted by CCS in December, 2009
 
Bal ClorTMBWMS had been granted for the basic approval in MEPC 60/2/12 meeting. |
BalClorTMBWMS had been granted for the final approval in MEPC 61/2/4 meeting. | Treatment Technology of BalclorTMBWMS System
The treating process of BalClorTM BWMS is mainly consisted of the following three procedures:
Filtration ---The ballast water is filtrated by an automatic backwashing filter with 50µm screen to remove marine organisms larger than 50µm.
Disinfection --- A small side stream of the filtered ballast water is delivered to the electrolytic unit to generate the oxidants of high concentration (mainly sodium hypochlorite solution), then the oxidants are injected back into the main ballast stream to provide effective disinfection.
Sodium hypochlorite solution as a very effective germicide can be kept in ballast water for a certain period to effectively kill the plankton, spores, larvae and pathogens contained in the ballast water to meet D-2 standard.
Neutralization --- The residual TRO level of the treated ballast water below 0.1ppm, then the treated ballast water can be directly discharged. If the residual TRO level of the treated ballast water over 0.1ppm, neutralizer (sodium thiosulfate solution) is added into the de-ballast pipe to neutralize residual oxidants instantly automatically.
Disinfection principle––Core technology
When seawater flows through the electrolyzer, decomposition reactions take place on the electrode surfaces, with chlorine produced at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode.
The reaction principle is as follows:
Anode: 2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e
Cathode: 2H2O + 2e → 2OH- + H2↑
Chlorine gas can be dissolved in water to produce hypochlorous acid and hydrochloric acid rapidly:
Cl2 + H2O → HOCl + Cl- + H+
So the whole reaction is:
NaCl + H2O → NaOCl + H2↑
Sodium hypochlorite solution as a very effective germicide can be kept in ballast water for a certain period to effectively kill the plankton, spores, larvae and pathogens contained in the ballast water. This technology has been widely practiced in water treatment industries like medical sterilization, water treatment fields for many years.
● Small volume and reasonable space
● High treatment capacity
● Good filtering effect
● Low pressure loss and flush swimmingly
● Especially suitable for atrocious sea water conditions
● Pressure difference control, time set control and manual control
Small volume and high efficiency of the switching power of the Transformer Rectifier
Reliable and high electrolysis efficiency of Tubular-plate Electrolyzer
The volume of electrolyzer Module remains for different treatment capacity
The life of core equipment component- electrolyzer can reach the ship service life requirement
Own the Independent Intellectual Property Rights of the core components
Neutralization Unit
Manual control mode and automatic control mode
When TRO concentrations of the discharge ballast water lower than the IMO specified value, the system does not start Neutralization Unit automatically and ballast water discharge outboard directly.
When TRO concentration of the discharge ballast water higher than the IMO specified value, the system start Neutralizer Unit automatically and inject the neutralization which could eliminate and neutralize the residual TRO. The flow of neutralization is controlled by the system automatically.
BALCLORTMBWMS (Specification of BalClorTMBWMS System)
|
Model |
Treatment Capacity
(m3/h) |
Flow Rate to Electrolyzer
(m3/h) |
Required Power
(AC KVA) |
Dimension |
|
Filter
L(mm)×W(mm)×H(mm) |
Electrolysis Unit
L(mm)×W(mm)×H(mm) |
|
BC-300 |
100-300 |
6 |
15 |
3000×600×800 |
2500×1800×2200 |
|
BC-500 |
301-500 |
6 |
25 |
3300×600×800 |
2600×1800×2300 |
|
BC-1000 |
501-1000 |
12 |
50 |
3300×600×800 |
2900×2300×2200 |
|
BC-1500 |
1001-1500 |
20 |
75 |
3400×800×1070 |
3000×2600×2100 |
|
BC -2000 |
1501-2000 |
20 |
100 |
3300×1500×800 |
3300×2500×2200 |
|
BC -2500 |
2001-2500 |
36 |
125 |
3400×1800×1070 |
3500×2900×2400 |
|
BC -3000 |
2501-3000 |
36 |
150 |
3400×1800×1070 |
3500×2900×2400 |
|
BC -3500 |
3001-3500 |
36 |
175 |
3400×1800×1070 |
3800×2400×2500 |
|
BC -4000 |
3501-4000 |
36 |
200 |
3500×3300×770 |
3800×2400×2600 |
|
BC -5000 |
4001-5000 |
45 |
250 |
3500×3600×770 |
4000×2800×2600 |
1、Electrolyzing Sea Water Chlorinator Disinfection Technology–Reliable and Credible, Simple and Effective
●Disinfection completely, long duration
Sodium hypochlorite solution as a very effective germicide can be kept in ballast water for a certain period to effectively kill the plankton, spores, larvae and pathogens contained in the ballast water. This technology has been widely practiced in water treatment industries like medical sterilization, water treatment plants for many years.
●One-step Disinfection, simple and effective.
The disinfection only operated during loading ballast water, no need to do it again during discharging ballast water, simple and effective, low energy conservation.
●Could treat different seawater, even muddy water.
●Different Mode for different Ship requirement.
2、Bypass Electrolyzing Seawater Technology–Low-carbon and Environment Protecting, Easy to Design and Reform
●It is not necessary to allow all ballast water, only 1~2% flow through the electrolyzer.
●No need to change main pipe line, which is convenient for new ships design and for old ships rebuild.
●Low seawater flow required, small electrolysis unit volume and small whole dimemsion
●High electrolysis efficiency, low power consumption
3、Neutralization Technology––Suitable for Various Ship Route
● For short voyage ship, the system can eliminate residual chlorine to meet the ballast water discharge requirements.
● When TRO concentrations of the discharge ballast water lower than the IMO specified value, the system does not start Neutralization Unit automatically and ballast water discharge outboard directly.
●When TRO concentration of the discharge ballast water higher than the IMO specified value, the system start Neutralizer Unit automatically and inject the neutralization which could eliminate and neutralize the residual TRO. The flow of neutralization is controlled by the system automatically.
4、Modular Design — Easy for Design of New Ship and for Replacement of Old Ship
● New ship: BalClorTM BWMS could be designed as a module, which could save a lot of space.
● Old Ship: The whole system could be divided into 3-7 Modules which can be installed separately in small space.
● Each module has the independent function.
● Kinds of Electrolyzing Programs for Different Ship Route
5、Kinds of Electrolyzing Programs for Different Ship Route
● (BalClorTM BWMS System both could be applied to sea route and fresh route. There are many methods for fresh water (salinity 3
6、High Performance and Economic Cost
●Low Operation Cost: The operation cost of BalClorTM BWMS only USD10/1000m3.
●Low Maintenance Cost: The core component of the BalClorTM BWMS is the electrolyzer. Its has long life which can reach the ship service life. |